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Historically, pharmaceutical and life sciences companies primarily relied on sales representatives to promote their products to healthcare professionals. However, as medicine advanced and treatments became more specialized, a need arose for individuals who could provide in-depth scientific knowledge and engage in meaningful scientific exchange with physicians and researchers, who are called MSLs.
So, what does MSL pharma do? MSL is an abbreviation for Medical Science Liaisons, and their role is crucial within the industry. What is MSL in medical terms, and what do they do? Learn more from our guide.
A medical science liaison, MSL, or a Pharmaceutical Medical Science Liaison, is an individual whose job is to maintain clear communication and relationships with the medical community. They provide healthcare professionals with valuable insights and essential information on the proper use of certain products and services when treating patients. While MSLs do work on behalf of different pharmaceutical companies, their job is not to promote but to educate and assist providers. Most of the time, medical science liaisons work as part of a medical affairs team.
Every pharmacy MSL is a highly educated expert, most likely with a postgraduate degree or another advanced educational background. In most companies, it is a requirement for all professionals applying for this position to hold at least a master’s degree, a PhD, or its equivalent. A deep understanding of the pharmaceutical industry and hands-on experience enable MSLs to stay updated on the latest changes and advancements in their chosen field, making communication with key opinion leaders and doctors much more efficient.
An MSL is a field worker, so most of their daily routine is external communication with KOLs and physicians. Being more research-oriented and science-savvy, they are perfect conversationalists for those who, for some reason, refuse to build a dialog with sales reps.
The scientific background of MSLs allows one to discuss more complex cases and facilitate the exchange of scientific knowledge and insights. HCPs can provide more meaningful and in-depth feedback on local disease states, clinical experiences, and treatment challenges they face. This feedback is vital for pharmaceutical research and development efforts and the design of clinical trials, as it ultimately leads to the development of more effective and relevant therapies and improved patient satisfaction.
By establishing themselves as trusted sources of objective competence and scientific expertise, MSLs can effectively address the needs and preferences of KOLs and physicians. Physicians, in particular, value in-depth conversations about disease states with company representatives who possess equal scientific competence and interests. They seek interactions with MSLs who are not focused on product promotion but are research-oriented and provide educational insights.
Through collaborative discussions, MSLs can communicate their company’s position while providing objective competence on discussed scientific issues. This approach aligns with the expectations of KOLs and physicians who strive for unbiased scientific information and trusted connections with pharmaceutical companies. By nurturing these collaborative relationships, MSLs can establish themselves as invaluable intermediaries, fostering a mutual understanding and trust between the medical community and the pharmaceutical industry.
Medical science liaisons perform a wide range of activities, such as:
MSLs often attend medical conferences, conventions, and other types of events to meet with other medical professionals, gain insights about the industry, and learn more about small and large pharmaceutical companies.
Medical science liaisons often conduct in-person and virtual meetings with leading physicians, healthcare professionals, regional scientific managers, and other experts to share data about a specific area, answer different medical questions, gather insights, and support clinical trials.
Medical science liaisons don’t typically work on writing publications but aid other professionals in creating them. MSLs help communicate new data, gather real-world insights, assist with publication strategy and gap analyses, and identify and support physicians who conduct independent research.
Even though the medical science liaison role does not involve any scientific research, MSLs support both companies and researchers by providing each side with insights and updates.
Medical science liaisons play a key role in shaping the commercial and medical teams through mentoring and training efforts. As new challenges emerge, MSLs are not only responsible for anticipating and understanding these obstacles but also for supporting internal colleagues by sharing insights and fostering a deeper understanding of the shifting landscape.
Medical science liaisons must have advanced scientific training and hold a degree in such fields as healthcare, pharmacy, or life sciences. Having a medical education is strongly advised for anyone pursuing a career as an MSL, and even though it is not mandatory, most companies look for candidates with the degrees listed above. The perfect medical science liaison candidate must have:
There is no strict educational standard for a medical science liaison career, which is why many professionals enter the role through continuing professional development rather than starting with it.
A medical science liaison role encompasses different responsibilities and activities related to spreading information, backed by a reliable source of data, about a certain product or service. The goal of an MSL is not to promote but to educate. Let’s take a look at the main responsibilities of a medical science liaison:
One of the key responsibilities of an MSL is to provide healthcare professionals with accurate and up-to-date information about different drugs or medical devices. The role of a Medical Science Liaison is not to promote a product or service, but to present data and evidence that help medical professionals make informed decisions about how to use a specific drug, device, treatment, or service.
Establishing relationships with key opinion leaders (KOLs) is one of the main responsibilities of a medical science liaison, as KOLs can provide insights into the work and feedback on services and products from pharma companies that MSLs represent.
Medical science liaisons act as a bridge between a company and the medical community, often bringing insights to both sides. By engaging with experts from various scientific backgrounds, healthcare professionals, and influential healthcare providers, MSLs can better understand different perspectives on treatment trends, clinical challenges, and unmet medical needs, identify emerging topics of interest in the therapeutic area, and stay aligned with real-world clinical practice.
Medical liaisons play an important role in supporting both company-sponsored and investigator-initiated research. Thanks to their clinical knowledge, strong scientific background, and communication skills, they can contribute to the research throughout its whole lifecycle.
MSLs assist scientific experts and internal colleagues with the development and dissemination of scientific publications by supporting the communication of clinical data, real-world evidence, and expert perspectives. Even though medical science liaisons don’t typically write any publications themselves, one of their responsibilities is to help others complete and publish their works.
From attending international conferences to speaking to multiple people every day, the medical science liaison role involves many responsibilities that are just too important for the company’s success. This level of responsibility and pressure can lead to mistakes even experienced MSLs can’t always avoid, such as:
Having a small pool of KOLs and going back to them from time to time is great only when it comes to access and availability. You already know these people, you are comfortable with them, and you know exactly how and when to reach out. In the pharmaceutical industry, there are so many experts with different clinical backgrounds, experience, and expertise that going to just a couple will certainly result in missed opportunities and insights.
Over the past few years, more than 60% of healthcare professionals have seen a significant increase in demand for digitization within their networks. Digitization is one of the biggest trends right now, but still, many medical and clinical liaisons rely on the same tools and apps they’ve always used, often hesitant to explore new options. However, the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries are rapidly evolving, with new trends like AI-based technology or virtual reality solutions emerging constantly. Moreover, each professional you interact with may have different preferences when it comes to digital platforms and software. It’s important to research current trends and widely adopted tools to stay adaptable and relevant.
Without proper research, a Medical Science Liaison risks engaging with the wrong key opinion leaders, resulting in wasted time and resources. Even if the selected KOLs are relevant, they may not be interested in your offering, and the time that could have been spent engaging with specialists who are genuinely keen to learn more may end up being lost on those who are unlikely to take any interest in what you have to say.
Just talking once won’t lead to any great results in the long run. To retain new customers, gather insights on a regular basis, and build a loyal customer base, be sure to follow up with your KOLs after every conversation. If key opinion leaders see you as a partner whom they can rely on, their attitude toward you and the company you represent will change for the better.
Due to the busy nature of a medical science liaison’s role, many experts fail to document their insights immediately after gathering them. This can become a significant issue, as key details may be forgotten over time. Delayed documentation can also negatively impact decision-making, strategic planning, content development, and other cross-functional initiatives, leaving teams and executives without important information for too long.
As the primary goal of an MSL is not sales but to raise awareness, it may take a lot of work to define the necessary KPI. Pharmaceutical companies and organizations may have different priorities and focus areas, leading to various performance indicators.
For example, an organization that aims to increase the adoption of a specific drug in the market may prioritize KPIs related to KOL engagement and thought leader development. They would want their MSLs to establish strong relationships with influential KOLs, engage them in scientific discussions, and support their growth as thought leaders who can advocate for using the organization’s drug.
On the other hand, an organization focused on scientific education and dissemination of information may emphasize KPIs related to scientific communication and education. They would want their MSLs to deliver impactful scientific presentations, provide educational materials to healthcare professionals, and conduct training sessions to enhance their therapeutic area.
Another obstacle in implementing KPIs for MSLs is identifying the correct indicators that accurately demonstrate professionals’ efforts. This challenge arises because MSLs often assume different roles; while some may actively participate in clinical trials, others may concentrate on more personal interactions with key opinion leaders. KPIs for each Medical Science Liaison should differ, allowing progress tracking with individual obstacles and achievements in mind. MSL objectives should be realistic and tailored to the specific context of the area in which they operate.
The main task of KPIs is to focus not so much on the MSL’s actions but on the results that professionals have achieved through their work. Companies can accomplish this by combining qualitative and quantitative metrics and using them to evaluate how well a medical service liaison performed during a set period.
To better understand MSL’s role, let’s compare it with the medical representatives’ routine.
A Medical Representative, also known as a Sales Representative, is responsible for directly promoting and selling pharmaceutical products to healthcare professionals. They typically work in a sales-driven environment, and their main goal is to increase conversion by convincing healthcare professionals to prescribe or recommend certain medications. They provide information about the features, benefits, and potential uses of the products they represent.
A pharma MSL, on the other hand, is a scientific and medical expert who acts as a bridge between pharmaceutical companies and the medical community. MSLs do not have a sales target. Their primary responsibility is establishing relationships with key opinion leaders (KOLs), such as doctors, researchers, and academic institutions. MSLs provide scientific and clinical information about their company’s products, present research findings, answer medical inquiries, and collaborate on clinical trials and studies.
MSLs are an essential field force for bridging the gap between pharmaceutical companies and the medical community. Their role as scientific and medical experts allows them to engage in meaningful scientific exchange, gather valuable insights, and collaborate on clinical studies. By measuring their performance through KPIs such as quality of KOL interactions and project achievements, organizations can ensure their MSLs deliver objective expertise and foster trust between the medical community and the pharmaceutical industry.
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MSL stands for Medical Science Liaison. These are scientific and medical experts who act as a bridge between pharmaceutical companies and the medical community. Unlike sales representatives, their focus is on education, scientific exchange, and building trusted relationships with healthcare professionals.
The role of an MSL is to provide accurate, unbiased scientific information to healthcare professionals and key opinion leaders (KOLs). They facilitate meaningful scientific discussions, gather valuable field insights, support clinical studies, and contribute to publication strategies. Importantly, their role is not to sell or promote products, but to educate and foster trust between pharma and the medical community.
To become an MSL, candidates typically need an advanced degree in life sciences, pharmacy, medicine, or healthcare (e.g., PharmD, PhD, MD, or MSc). Strong scientific expertise, excellent communication skills, clinical experience, and emotional intelligence are also key. While there’s no single educational path, most MSLs enter the role after postgraduate studies or professional development in relevant scientific fields.
Medical science liaisons engage in knowledge exchange and relationship building within the healthcare ecosystem. They attend medical conferences to network and share scientific knowledge, conduct field visits with physicians and key opinion leaders to exchange data and gather insights, and support research and clinical trials with their expertise. MSLs also assist with scientific publications, develop communication strategies, and mentor internal teams on therapeutic areas. Their work centers on external communication and bridging insights between pharmaceutical companies and the healthcare community.
Medical science liaisons should avoid several practices that undermine their effectiveness. These include relying on the same key opinion leaders repeatedly, which limits insight diversity, and ignoring new digital tools and emerging technologies like AI or virtual platforms. MSLs should also avoid engaging with the wrong KOLs without proper research, skipping follow-up communications that weaken trust, and failing to record insights promptly, which risks losing valuable information. Their effectiveness depends on avoiding these mistakes while maintaining professional relationships.